Table 1 The characteristics of the included studies
Study | Year of data collection | Study design | Country | Location | Enrolled participants | Mean age | %, Female | Excluded CKD# | AKI definition | AKI judgement timing | PNI cut-off value | PNI measure time | Mean serum albumin (g/L) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aykut, 2022 | 2019 to 2020 | Retrospective | Turkey | Single-center | On-pump CABG | 61 | 17.8% | Excluding | KDIGO | 1 wk post-OP | < 48 | pre-OP | 4.2 |
Dolapoglu, 2019 | 2015 to 2018 | Retrospective | Turkey | Single-center | On-pump CABG | 64 | 25.0% | Excluding | AKIN | Within 48 h post-OP | 46.5 | Pre-OP | 3.7 |
Efe, 2021 | NR | Retrospective | Turkey | NR | Chronic CAD | 69 | 36.7% | Excluding | ESUR | 72–96 h post-PCI | ≤ 38 | pre-PCI | 3.1 |
Gucu, 2021 | 2016 to 2020 | Retrospective | Turkey | Single-center | On-pump CABG | 64 | 40.6% | Excluding | KDIGO | 48 h post-OP | < 42.9 | Pre-OP | 3.8 |
Han, 2021 | 2010 to 2018 | Retrospective | Korea | Single-center | PCI | 65 | 28.4% | Including | KDIGO | Within 48 h post-PCI | < 47.8 | Pre-PCI | 4.2 |
Hatem, 2023 | 2019 | Retrospective | Turkey | Single-center | Non-STEMI with PCI | 62 | 27.1% | Excluding | ≧ 25% or 0.3 mg/dL increase in baseline serum creatinine levels | Within 48–72 h Post-PCI | < 48.5 | Pre-PCI | NR |
Hu (test), 2021 | NR | Retrospective | MIMIC III | Multi-center | CCU | 67 | 59.2% | Including | KDIGO | Within 7 days post admission | < 48.8 | 1st day of admission | 3.3 |
Hu (validation), 2021 | 2014 to 2015 | Retrospective | China | Single-center | CCU | 66 | 67.2% | Including | KDIGO | Within 7 days post admission | < 45.7 | 1st day of admission | 3.7 |
Jing, 2021 | 2019 | Retrospective | China | Single-center | Operation with CPB but not CABG | 52 | 54.1% | Excluding | AKIN | Within 48 h post-OP | NR | Pre-OP | 4.5 |
Kurtul, 2021 | 2017 to 2020 | Retrospective | Turkey | Two-center | STEMI with PCI | 58 | 24.0% | Excluding | ESUR | Within 72 h post-PCI | < 38 | Pre-PCI | |
Lee, 2019 | 2013 to 2016 | Retrospective | Korea | Single-center | Cardiac surgery | 59 | 43.0% | Including | Creatinine elevation of twofold the immediate preoperative value or the new requirement for renal replacement therapy | 1 wk post-OP | ≤ 46.13 | Pre-OP | 3.9 |
Li, 2022 | 2009 to 2019 | Retrospective | China | Multi-center | PCI | 67 | 34.0% | Excluding | ESUR | within 72-h | < 41.4 | Pre-PCI | 3.9 |
Min, 2020 | 2011 to 2018 | Retrospective | Korea | Single-center | Living donor liver transplant | 52 | 28.8% | Excluding | AKIN | 1 wk post-OP | < 25 | pre-OP | 3.7 |
Shimoyama, 2021 | 2017 to 2019 | Prospective | Japan | Single-center | Sepsis | 74 | 38.6% | Including | KDIGO-3 (dialysis-requiring AKI) | 2,3,5 day after ICU admission | < 19.51 | 1st day of ICU | 2.3 |
Shimoyama, 2022 | 2017 to 2019 | Prospective | Japan | Single-center | ICU paitents | 75 | 35.6% | Including | KDIGO | 2,3,5 day after ICU admissio | < 26.08 | 1st day of ICU | 2.3 |
Xie, 2022 | 2015 to 2021 | Retrospective | China | Single-center | Sepsis | 58 | 36.2% | Excluding | KDIGO | As KDIGO criteria | < 32.75 | 1st day of admission | 3.1 |
Yuksel, 2023 | 2016 to 2020 | Retrospective | Turkey | Single-center | ACS with PCI | 63 | 26.5% | Excluding | ESUR | Not reported | < 48.6 | Pre-PCI | 4 |