Intensive care unit mortality and cost-effectiveness associated with intensivist staffing: a Japanese nationwide observational study

Table 2 Clinical outcomes and costs

	ICU1/2 group	ICU3/4 group	Difference	p value
	n = 71,412	n = 46,330	Difference	p value
Clinical outcomes
ICU mortality rates	1870 (2.6%)	1983 (4.3%)		< 0.001
In-hospital mortality rates	4316 (6.1%)	4102 (8.9%)		< 0.001
Length of ICU stay, days	2.8 (3.1)	2.7 (3.0)		< 0.001
Length of hospital stay, days	27.0 (28.2)	23.6 (23.3)		< 0.001
Cost
Cost (excluding surgery and anesthesia), JPY	571,106 (763,141)	397,756 (507,567)	173,350	< 0.001
Total cost, JPY	2,249,270 (1,955,953)	1,682,546 (1,588,928)	566,724	< 0.001
Life expectancy, years	19.29	17.35	1.93
LYG, years	12.50	11.25	1.25
QALY, years	7.87	7.08	0.79
ICER, JPY/QALY			718,659

Data represent number (frequency), or mean (SD). Costs are expressed in JPY
SD standard deviation, ICU intensive care unit, LYG life year gained, QALY quality-adjusted life-year, ICER incremental cost-effectiveness

ISSN: 2052-0492