Table 2 Summary of finding table in included RCT studies
Outcomes | Certainty assessment | No. of patients | Effect | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of studies | Risk of bias | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | TDM | Placebo | Relative (95%CI) | Absolute (95%CI) | Certainty | |
28-Day mortality | 5 | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Seriousa | 137/510 (26.9%) | 142/501 (28.3%) | RR 0.94 (0.77–1.14) | 17 fewer per 1000 (from 65 fewer to 42 more | ⨁⨁⨁◯ Moderate |
Hospital mortality | 3 | Very seriousb | Not serious | Not serious | Seriousa | 101/342 (29.5%) | 103/339 (30.4%) | RR 0.96 (0.76 to 1.20) | 12 fewer per 1000 (from 73 fewer to 61 more) | ⨁◯◯◯ Very low |
ICU length of stay | 3 | Not serious | Seriousc | Not serious | Seriousd | 446 | 443 | MD 0 (2.18 lower to 2.19 higher) | ⨁⨁◯◯ Low | |
Clinical cure | 3 | Very seriousb | Seriousc | Seriouse | Very seriousf | 72/123 (58.5%) | 54/127 (42.5%) | RR 1.23 (0.91 to 1.67) | 98 more per 1000 (from 38 fewer to 285 more) | ⨁◯◯◯ Very low |
Target attainment in day 1 | 4 | Very seriousb | Seriousc | Seriouse | Seriousg | 250/446 (56.1%) | 214/429 (49.9%) | RR 1.14 (0.88 to 1.48) | 70 more per 1000 (from 60 fewer to 239 more) | ⨁◯◯◯ Very low |
Target attainment at day 3 | 3 | Very seriousb | Seriousc | Seriouse | Very seriousf | 118/221 (53.4%) | 92/215 (42.8%) | RR 1.35 (0.90 to 2.03) | 150 more per 1000 (from 43 fewer to 441 more) | ⨁◯◯◯ Very low |