Table 2 Comorbidities and treatments before and after the stabilised IPTW using propensity scores
Variables | All patients | Patients after IPTW estimation | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PMX group (n = 199) | % | mPSL alone group (n = 5417) | % | SMD | PMX group (n = 196) | % | mPSL alone group (n = 5435) | % | SMD | |
Comorbidity | ||||||||||
Bronchial asthma | 10 | 5.0 | 259 | 4.8 | 1.1 | 6 | 3.1 | 260 | 4.8 | − 7.8 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 6 | 3.0 | 292 | 5.4 | − 11.8 | 5 | 2.4 | 287 | 5.3 | − 14.5 |
Pneumonia | 32 | 16.1 | 1033 | 19.1 | − 7.9 | 40 | 20.2 | 1028 | 18.9 | 3.4 |
Pulmonary embolism | 0 | 0.0 | 37 | 0.7 | − 11.7 | 37 | 18.7 | 37 | 0.7 | − 11.6 |
Bronchiectasis | 4 | 2.0 | 149 | 2.8 | − 4.9 | 5 | 2.6 | 147 | 2.7 | − 0.9 |
Pneumothorax | 2 | 1.0 | 41 | 0.8 | 2.7 | 1 | 0.5 | 42 | 0.8 | − 2.4 |
Lung cancer | 14 | 7.0 | 457 | 8.4 | − 5.2 | 22 | 11.2 | 454 | 8.4 | 10.5 |
Other types of cancera | 7 | 3.5 | 408 | 7.5 | − 17.6 | 11 | 5.7 | 400 | 7.4 | − 7.4 |
Disseminated intravascular coagulation | 39 | 19.6 | 473 | 8.7 | 31.5 | 30 | 15.3 | 506 | 9.3 | 17.3 |
Chronic heart failure | 28 | 14.1 | 1125 | 20.8 | − 17.7 | 38 | 19.3 | 1118 | 20.6 | − 3.4 |
Acute coronary syndrome | 9 | 4.5 | 404 | 7.5 | − 12.4 | 15 | 7.6 | 398 | 7.3 | 1.3 |
Diabetes mellitus | 48 | 24.1 | 1452 | 26.8 | − 6.2 | 58 | 29.6 | 1450 | 26.7 | 6.7 |
Stroke | 6 | 3.0 | 294 | 5.4 | − 12.0 | 15 | 7.5 | 290 | 5.3 | 11.0 |
Renal failure | 55 | 27.6 | 543 | 10.0 | 46.2 | 31 | 15.8 | 594 | 10.9 | 12.8 |
Liver dysfunction | 9 | 4.5 | 276 | 5.1 | − 2.7 | 13 | 6.4 | 276 | 5.1 | 6.3 |
Gastroesophageal reflux disease | 15 | 7.5 | 687 | 12.7 | − 17.1 | 24 | 12.4 | 677 | 12.4 | − 0.2 |
Urinary tract infection | 2 | 1.0 | 47 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 2 | 1.1 | 47 | 0.9 | 2.6 |
Treatment within 3 days after hospitalisation | ||||||||||
Haemodialysis | 40 | 20.1 | 144 | 2.7 | 57.0 | 8 | 4.0 | 192 | 3.5 | 1.3 |
High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy | 7 | 3.5 | 204 | 3.8 | − 1.3 | 5 | 2.3 | 205 | 3.8 | − 7.5 |
Ampicillin/sulbactam | 18 | 9.0 | 745 | 13.8 | − 14.8 | 31 | 15.9 | 737 | 13.6 | 7.5 |
Tazobactam/piperacillin | 27 | 13.6 | 991 | 18.3 | − 12.9 | 42 | 21.3 | 985 | 18.1 | 8.8 |
Broad spectrum β-lactam antibioticsb | 133 | 66.8 | 2837 | 52.4 | 29.8 | 105 | 53.6 | 2880 | 53.0 | 1.3 |
Fluoroquinolone | 99 | 49.7 | 1723 | 31.8 | 37.1 | 51 | 25.8 | 1772 | 32.6 | − 14.0 |
Anti-MRSA drug | 4 | 2.0 | 99 | 1.8 | 1.3 | 3 | 1.4 | 99 | 1.8 | − 3.4 |
Noradrenaline | 0 | 0.0 | 75 | 1.4 | − 16.8 | 82 | 41.8 | 82 | 1.5 | − 18.3 |
Hydrocortisone | 3 | 1.5 | 119 | 2.2 | − 5.1 | 2 | 0.9 | 118 | 2.2 | − 9.1 |
Cyclophosphamide (intravenous) | 17 | 8.5 | 138 | 2.5 | 26.4 | 5 | 2.8 | 155 | 2.9 | − 0.5 |
Tacrolimus | 3 | 1.5 | 51 | 0.9 | 5.1 | 1 | 0.6 | 53 | 1.0 | − 3.5 |
Pirfenidone | 7 | 3.5 | 93 | 1.7 | 11.3 | 1 | 0.6 | 96 | 1.8 | − 7.4 |
Nintedanib | 1 | 0.5 | 42 | 0.8 | − 3.4 | 0 | 0.1 | 41 | 0.8 | − 7.9 |
Furosemide | 52 | 26.1 | 1720 | 31.8 | − 12.4 | 67 | 34.1 | 1712 | 31.5 | 5.8 |