Table 3 Patient characteristics and outcome according to head trauma
Variables | Head trauma (n = 176) | Non-head trauma (n = 72) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 36 [23–54] | 35 [24–49] | 0.86 |
Sex, men | 127 (72.0) | 54 (75.0) | 0.65 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 24 [22–26] | 24 [23–26] | 0.36 |
Initial trauma condition | |||
 Glasgow Coma Scale | 6 [4–10] | 15 [14–15] | < 0.001 |
 Head injury |  |  |  |
 Intracranial hypertension | 80 (45.5) | 0 (0.0) | – |
 Surgery in the first 24 h | 84 (47.7) | 58 (80.6) | < 0.001 |
 SAPS2 | 48 ± 16 | 42 ± 17 | < 0.001 |
Severity of the trauma | |||
 ISS | 34 [25–43] | 27 [23–41] | 0.02 |
 AIS head or neck | 5 [4–5] | 0 [0–0] | – |
 AIS chest | 2 [0–3] | 3 [0–3] | 0.02 |
 AIS abdomen or pelvic | 0 [0–0] | 2 [0–4] | < 0.001 |
 AIS extremities | 0 [0–2] | 0 [0–3] | 0.10 |
 AIS rachis | 0 [0–2] | 0 [0–3] | 0.02 |
Treatments | |||
 Mechanical ventilation | 130 (74.2) | 33 (45.8) | < 0.001 |
 Acetaminophen | 115 (65.3) | 44 (61.1) | 0.53 |
 Benzodiazepine | 109 (61.9) | 27 (37.5) | < 0.001 |
 Opioids | 144 (81.8) | 58 (80.6) | 0.82 |
 Neuro-muscular blockers | 34 (19.3) | 3 (4.2) | 0.002 |
 Ketamine | 22 (12.5) | 2 (2.8) | 0.02 |
 Craniectomy | 13 (7.4) | 0 (0.0) | – |
 Transfusion | 0 [0–2] | 0 [0–6] | < 0.001 |
In-hospital transport | 92 (52.3) | 43 (59.7) | 0.28 |
Outcome | |||
 28-day mortality | 37 (21.0) | 8 (11.1) | 0.07 |
 Days on mechanical ventilation | 7 [4–14] | 4 [1–9] | < 0.001 |
 Days on vasopressor infusion | 2 [1–4] | 2 [1–4] | 0.40 |
 Day in the ICU stay | 10 [5–20] | 8 [4–14] | 0.14 |
 Days in the hospital | 13 [7–24] | 10 [6–15] | 0.10 |
Temperature rhythm | |||
 Period | 24 [22–48] | 24 [22–46] | 0.42 |
 Mesor | 37.5 [37.1–37.7] | 37.6 [37.2–38.0] | 0.01 |
 Amplitude | 0.35 [0.27–0.55] | 0.34 [0.26–0.54] | 0.63 |